13C Chemical Shift Map of the Active Cofactors in Photosynthetic Reaction Centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides Revealed by Photo-CIDNP MAS NMR

13C photo-CIDNP MAS NMR studies have been performed on reaction centers (RCs) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides wild type (WT) that have been selectively labeled with an isotope using [5-13C]-delta-aminolevulinic acid.HCl in all the BChl and BPhe cofactors at positions C-4, C-5, C-9, C-10, C-14, C-15, C-16, and C-20. 13C CP/MAS NMR and 13C-13C dipolar correlation photo-CIDNP MAS NMR provide a chemical shift map of the cofactors involved in the electron transfer process in the RC at the atomic scale. The 13C-13C dipolar correlation photo-CIDNP spectra reveal three strong components, originating from two BChl cofactors, called P1 and P2 and assigned to the special pair, as well as one BPhe, PhiA. In addition, there is a weak component observed that arises from a third BChl cofactor, denoted P3, which appears to originate from the accessory BChl BA. An almost complete set of assignments of all the aromatic carbon atoms in the macrocycles of BChl and BPhe is achieved in combination with previous photo-CIDNP studies on site-directed BChl/BPhe-labeled RCs [Schulten, E. A. M., Matysik, J., Alia, Kiihne, S., Raap, J., Lugtenburg, J., Gast, P., Hoff, A. J., and de Groot, H. J. M. (2002) Biochemistry 41, 8708-8717], allowing a comprehensive map of the ground-state electronic structure of the photochemically active cofactors to be constructed for the first time. The reasons for the anomaly of P2 and the origin of the polarization on P3 are discussed.