β-Aminocarbonates in Regioselective and Ring Expansion Reactions

The reactivity of β-aminocarbonates as anisotropic electrophiles has been investigated with several phenols. Products distribution shows that the regioselectivity of the anchimerically driven alkylation reaction depends on the nucleophiles. The results suggest that in the presence of nucleophiles that are also good leaving groups, the reaction takes place under thermodynamic control favoring the attack on the most sterically hindered carbon of the cyclic aziridinium intermediate. Furthermore, when an enantiomerically pure pyrrolidine-based carbonate was used, the reaction with phenols proceeds via a bicyclic aziridinium intermediate leading to the stereoselective synthesis of optically active 3-substituted piperidines via ring expansion reaction. These results were confirmed both by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis.