Open AccessHighly Potent Non-Carboxylic Acid Autotaxin Inhibitors Reduce Melanoma Metastasis and Chemotherapeutic Resistance of Breast Cancer Stem Cells
Author(s) -
Souvik Banerjee,
Dean C. Norman,
Sue Chin Lee,
Abby L. Parrill,
Truc Chi T. Pham,
Daniel L. Baker,
Gábor Tigyi,
Duane D. Miller
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of medicinal chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.01
H-Index - 261
eISSN - 1520-4804
pISSN - 0022-2623
DOI - 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01270
Subject(s) - autotaxin , lysophosphatidic acid , chemistry , in vivo , melanoma , in vitro , pharmacology , cancer research , paclitaxel , metastasis , ic50 , cancer , receptor , biochemistry , medicine , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Autotaxin (ATX, aka. ENPP2) is the main source of the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in biological fluids. This study reports on inhibitors of ATX derived by lead optimization of the benzene-sulfonamide in silico hit compound 3. The new analogues provide a comprehensive structure-activity relationship of the benzene-sulfonamide scaffold that yielded a series of highly potent ATX inhibitors. The three most potent analogues (3a, IC 50 ∼ 32 nM; 3b, IC 50 ∼ 9 nM; and 14, IC 50 ∼ 35 nM) inhibit ATX-dependent invasion of A2058 human melanoma cells in vitro. Two of the most potent compounds, 3b and 3f (IC 50 ∼ 84 nM), lack inhibitory action on ENPP6 and ENPP7 but possess weak antagonist action specific to the LPA 1 G protein-coupled receptor. In particular, compound 3b potently reduced in vitro chemotherapeutic resistance of 4T1 breast cancer stem-like cells to paclitaxel and significantly reduced B16 melanoma metastasis in vivo.