Open AccessMetabolism of the Fusarium Mycotoxins T-2 Toxin and HT-2 Toxin in Wheat
Author(s) -
Alexis V. Nathanail,
Elisabeth Varga,
Jacqueline Meng-Reiterer,
Christoph Bueschl,
Herbert Michlmayr,
Alexandra Malachová,
Philipp Fruhmann,
Marika Jestoi,
Kimmo Peltonen,
Gerhard Adam,
Marc Lemmens,
Rainer Schuhmacher,
Franz Berthiller
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of agricultural and food chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.203
H-Index - 297
eISSN - 1520-5118
pISSN - 0021-8561
DOI - 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02697
Subject(s) - mycotoxin , metabolite , toxin , biotransformation , fusarium , chemistry , metabolism , fungi imperfecti , acetylation , biochemistry , metabolic pathway , chromatography , food science , biology , botany , enzyme , gene
To investigate the metabolic fate of HT-2 toxin (HT2) and T-2 toxin (T2) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), an untargeted metabolomics study utilizing stable isotopic labeling and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was performed. In total, 11 HT2 and 12 T2 derived in planta biotransformation products were annotated putatively. In addition to previously reported mono- and diglucosylated forms of HT2, evidence for the formation of HT2-malonyl-glucoside and feruloyl-T2, as well as acetylation and deacetylation products in wheat was obtained for the first time. To monitor the kinetics of metabolite formation, a time course experiment was conducted involving the Fusarium head blight susceptible variety Remus and the resistant cultivar CM-82036. Biotransformation reactions were observed already at the earliest tested time point (6 h after treatment), and formed metabolites showed different kinetic profiles. After ripening, less than 15% of the toxins added to the plants were determined to be unmetabolized.