Lanthanide(III) Complexes Based on an 18-Membered Macrocycle Containing Acetamide Pendants. Structural Characterization and paraCEST Properties

We report a detailed investigation of the coordination properties of macrocyclic lanthanide complexes containing a 3,6,10,13-tetraaza-1,8(2,6)-dipyridinacyclotetradecaphane scaffold functionalized with four acetamide pendant arms. The X-ray structures of the complexes with the large Ln 3+ ions (La and Sm) display 12- and 10-coordinated metal ions, where the coordination sphere is fulfilled by the six N atoms of the macrocycle, the four O atoms of the acetamide pendants, and a bidentate nitrate anion in the La 3+ complex. The analogous Yb 3+ complex presents, however, a 9-coordinated metal ion because one of the acetamide pendant arms remains uncoordinated. 1 H NMR studies indicate that the 10-coordinated form is present in solution throughout the lanthanide series from La to Tb, while the smaller lanthanides form 9-coordinated species. 1 H and 89 Y NMR studies confirm the presence of this structural change because the two species are present in solution. Analysis of the 1 H chemical shifts observed for the Tb 3+ complex confirms its D 2 symmetry in aqueous solution and evidences a highly rhombic magnetic susceptibility tensor. The acetamide resonances of the Pr 3+ and Tb 3+ complexes provided sizable paraCEST effects, as demonstrated by the corresponding Z-spectra recorded at different temperatures and studies on tube phantoms recorded at 22 °C.