Open AccessProtection against Experimental Melioidosis with a Synthetic manno-Heptopyranose Hexasaccharide Glycoconjugate
Author(s) -
Andrew E. Scott,
William J. Christ,
Alison George,
Margaret G. M. Stokes,
Gregory J. S. Lohman,
Yuhong Guo,
Matthew Jones,
Richard W. Titball,
Timothy P. Atkins,
Stewart Campbell,
Joann L. Prior
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
bioconjugate chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.279
H-Index - 172
eISSN - 1520-4812
pISSN - 1043-1802
DOI - 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00525
Subject(s) - melioidosis , burkholderia pseudomallei , glycoconjugate , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , antigen , infectious disease (medical specialty) , virology , immunology , bacteria , disease , biology , medicine , biochemistry , genetics , pathology
Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in endemic areas. Antibiotic treatment is protracted and not always successful; even with appropriate therapy, up to 40% of individuals presenting with melioidosis in Thailand succumb to infection. In these circumstances, an effective vaccine has the potential to have a dramatic impact on both the scale and the severity of disease. Currently, no vaccines are licensed for human use. A leading vaccine candidate is the capsular polysaccharide consisting of a homopolymer of unbranched 1→3 linked 2-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-β-d-manno-heptopyranose. Here, we present the chemical synthesis of this challenging antigen using a novel modular disaccharide assembly approach. The resulting hexasaccharide was coupled to the nontoxic Hc domain of tetanus toxin as a carrier protein to promote recruitment of T-cell help and provide a scaffold for antigen display. Mice immunized with the glycoconjugate developed IgM and IgG responses capable of recognizing native capsule, and were protected against infection with over 120 × LD50 of B. pseudomallei strain K96243. This is the first report of the chemical synthesis of an immunologically relevant and protective hexasaccharide fragment of the capsular polysaccharide of B. pseudomallei and serves as the rational starting point for the development of an effective licensed vaccine for this emerging infectious disease.