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Water vole in the Scottish uplands: distribution patterns of disturbed and pristine populations ahead and behind the American mink invasion front
Author(s) -
Aars Jon,
Lambin Xavier,
Denny Rebecca,
Griffin A. Cy
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
animal conservation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.111
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1469-1795
pISSN - 1367-9430
DOI - 10.1017/s1367943001001226
Subject(s) - mink , biological dispersal , american mink , ecology , vole , front (military) , predation , biology , metapopulation , colonization , extinction (optical mineralogy) , geography , population , demography , sociology , meteorology , paleontology
The invasion of Britain by American mink has had a catastrophic impact on water vole populations. We surveyed and live‐trapped water voles over 2 years in eight c . 25 km 2 blocks in the upland of Scotland behind and ahead of the mink invasion front. Water voles had a similar distribution in the Grampian Mountains of north‐east Scotland, on the edge of the invasion front, and in the Assynt area of north‐west Sutherland well beyond the front. Water voles occurred in small, discrete colonies. Median nearest‐neighbour distance between colonies was 0.6‐0.7 km in both areas. Colonies experienced a high degree of turnover with extinction and colonization being commonplace and only a fraction of suitable sites were occupied at a given time. High dispersal rates connecting numerous (> 30) colonies over large areas (> 25 km 2 ) enable water voles to persist in such circumstances. Synchronized fluctuations in occupancy not caused by mink also occurred at the regional scales of the Grampian Mountains and Assynt areas. Localized mink invasions have fragmented a previously continuous metapopulation into smaller clusters and this may indirectly affect the likely persistence of water vole colonies not directly exposed to predation by mink.