Open AccessPathogenic bacteria and heavy metals toxicity assessments in evaluating unpasteurized raw milk quality through biochemical tests collected from dairy cows
Author(s) -
Hamid Iqbal,
Muhammad Ishfaq,
Muhammad Abbas,
Abdul Wahab,
Mughal Qayum,
Saifullah Mehsud
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
asian pacific journal of tropical disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.208
H-Index - 33
ISSN - 2222-1808
DOI - 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61148-9
Subject(s) - raw milk , pasteurization , food science , macconkey agar , nutrient agar , cadmium , contamination , heavy metals , pathogenic bacteria , veterinary medicine , chemistry , biology , agar plate , agar , environmental chemistry , bacteria , medicine , ecology , organic chemistry , genetics
Objective: To evaluate the hygienic quality by determining the presence of predominant\udpathogenic microbial contaminants (contagious or environmental) and indiscriminate heavy\udmetals contained in unpasteurized milk samples collected from cattle specie of cow.\udMethods: Raw milk samples were collected in October, 2014 from different regions of District\udKohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and cultured on the selective media plates according\udto the manufacturer instructions to observe pathogenic microbial flora and confirm it with\udrelevant biochemical tests to specify bacterial specie.\udResults: Milk samples analyzed on MacConkey and nutrient agar media were found\udcontaminated mostly with coliform, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes and\udProteus vulgaris. Similarly, result of the heavy metals analysis performed using atomic\udabsorption spectrophotometer flame photometry showed that raw milk contains heavy metals\udresidues of lead and cadmium contents at higher levels while copper, zinc and chromium were\udobserved lower than permissible limits whereas manganese within specified recommended\udvalues.\udConclusions: Microbial contamination of milk and toxic metals is mainly accredited to\udthe scrupulous unhygienic measures during processing of milk exhibiting a wide array of\udhazardous impacts on human health