Open AccessPhenolic content, anti-oxidant, anti-plasmodium and cytotoxic properties of the sponge Acanthella cavernosa
Author(s) -
Masteria Yunovilsa Putra,
Tutik Murniasih,
Joko Tri Wibowo,
Tri Aryono Hadi,
Febriana Untari,
Amalia Choirun Nisa,
Respati Tri Swasono
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
asian pacific journal of tropical disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.208
H-Index - 33
ISSN - 2222-1808
DOI - 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61136-2
Subject(s) - brine shrimp , chemistry , ethyl acetate , antioxidant , dpph , butanol , chromatography , hexane , ic50 , bioassay , food science , traditional medicine , biochemistry , in vitro , biology , ethanol , medicine , genetics
Objective: To investigate the total phenolic content, anti-oxidant capacity and cytotoxic activity\udpresent in the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions of an extract collected at\udSelayar Island, Indonesia.\udMethods: The antioxidant activity was performed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical\udscavenging method and β-carotene bleaching assay. All fractions from the crude extract of\udAcanthella cavernosa (A. cavernosa) were examined for their cytotoxicity using brine shrimp\udlethality bioassay and heme polymerization inhibitory activity assay for antimalarial activity.\udResults: The highest phenolic content was found in the n-butanol fraction, followed by the\udethyl acetate, aqueous and n-hexane fractions. The highest antioxidant activity, as determined\udby the β-carotene bleaching assay, was observed in the n-hexane fraction. On the other hand,\udthe n-hexane fraction was most effective in suppressing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals\udand neutralizing 50% of free radicals at the concentration of 171.86 μg/mL. Various fractions\udof the A. cavernosa extract showed the ability to inhibit heme polymerization indicating an\udanti-Plasmodium function. In this regard, the ethyl acetate fraction achieved an IC50 value of\ud3.3 μg/mL. The aqueous fraction showed moderate cytotoxic activity against the brine shrimp\udArtemia sp.\udConclusions: This study provided information on antioxidant, total phenolic content and\udantimalarial activities as well as the cytotoxicity of all fractions from the crude extract of A.\udcavernosa. The natural anti-Plasmodium compounds are of particular interest. Further studies\udare needed for a more extensive screening and characterization of the bioactive components in\udthis sponge