Open AccessPattern and associated risk factors of caprine pneumonia complex in Nigeria
Author(s) -
Theophilus Aghogho Jarikre,
Benjamin Obukowho Emikpe,
Olajumoke A. Morenikeji,
S. O. Akpavie
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
asian pacific journal of tropical disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.208
H-Index - 33
ISSN - 2222-1808
DOI - 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)61009-x
Subject(s) - lung , pneumonia , medicine , breed , histopathology , veterinary medicine , zoology , biology , pathology
Objective: To investigate the pattern of lung consolidation in natural infections and identify the\udrisk factors associated with caprine pneumonia in Nigeria so as to elucidate and aid the\udunderstanding of caprine respiratory disease complex in Nigeria.\udMethods: A total of 700 goats were examined before slaughtering between March 2014 and\udJuly 2015. Ante mortem evaluation for physical characteristics, body condition, breed and sex,\udgross morphometry for estimation of the percentage of lung consolidation and histopathology\udwas performed according to standard techniques. Data were presented in percentages, mean ±\udSEM and subjected to non-parametric analysis.\udResults: The results showed that 30.3% of goats belonged to the breed of West African Dwarf,\ud55.4% Red Sokoto (RS) and 14.3% Sahelan. As for the age distribution, 3.7% of them were\udone year old, 30.7% were two years old and 65.6% were above two years old. The overall\udprevalence of pneumonia was 59.7%. The mean lung consolidation score was 8.1 ± 0.5,\udconsolidation for male was 7.8 ± 0.5 and 21.4 ± 7.7 for female (P < 0.05). There was more\udconsolidation on the right lung and caudal lobes, and RS showed the highest prevalence of\udconsolidation. There was a positive correlation of contralateral lobar consolidation in the\udpneumonic animals, while significant effect of sex and body scores on the lung consolidation\udwas observed (P < 0.05). The types of pneumonia observed were bronchopneumonia (41.6%),\udbronchointerstitial pneumonia (8.7%), interstitial pneumonia (7.9%), verminous pneumonia\ud(0.3%), granulomatous pneumonia (0.9%) and normal lungs (40.7%).\udConclusions: Sex, breed and body scores were observed to be risk factors associated with\udcaprine pneumonia in Nigerian goats. In this study, transport stress may be responsible for\udthe high consolidation in RS. This information will help to increase the knowledge on the\udpathogenesis and the risk factors that often aggravate the prevalence of pneumonia in goats