Open AccessMolecular epidemiology and geographical distribution of Nosema ceranae in honeybees, Northern Thailand
Author(s) -
Vena Chupia,
Surachai Pikulkaew,
Patcharin Krutmuang,
Supamit Mekchay,
Prapas Patchanee
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
asian pacific journal of tropical disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.208
H-Index - 33
ISSN - 2222-1808
DOI - 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)60980-x
Subject(s) - nosema ceranae , nosema , apiary , biology , veterinary medicine , phylogenetic tree , zoology , spore , botany , honey bee , genetics , microsporidia , medicine , gene
Objective: To determine the contamination levels of Nosema ceranae in honeybees and its\udmolecular linkages in different geographical areas of Northern Thailand.\udMethods: Seventy-eight apiaries in Northern Thailand were chosen at random. The detection\udwas accomplished both by microscopic examination and multiplex PCR. Nosema positive\udsamples were evaluated by PCR sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.\udResults: Of the samples subjected to microscopic examination, 11.54% were found to be\udpositive for Nosema while 29.49% of the samples evaluated by PCR were found to be positive\udfor the disease. Honeybees from four of the six provinces surveyed in Northern Thailand were\udpositive for Nosema, with the highest prevalence in Chiang Mai Province (48.57%). There was\uda high diversity of Nosema strains in some locations, while the same strain of pathogen was\udidentified in many locations in Northern Thailand.\udConclusions: This is the first report about the contamination levels and distribution pattern\udof nosemosis in Thailand. The study found the same group of Nosema in different locations,\udand different groups of Nosema in the same location. This pattern of distribution will be an\udadvantage for disease control in the future