Phoenix roebelenii O'Brien DNA profiling, bioactive constituents, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities

Objective: To authenticate Phoenix roebelenii O’Brien, and investigate its leaves and fruits\udphytoconstituents, antioxidant, hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotective activities.\udMethods: DNA profiling was carried out by random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR). Total\udphenolic contents were estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Chromatographic and spectral\udtechniques were used for the phytochemical investigation. Petroleum ether extracts were\udinvestigated using GC-MS. Antioxidant activity was assayed by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl\udradical scavenging method. Hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotective assessments were achieved by\udneutral red assay.\udResults: Total phenolic contents of leaves and fruits were estimated as being 64.3 and 7.88 μg\udgallic acid equivalent/mg, respectively. Ten compounds were isolated for the first time from\udthe aqueous methanol extract of leaves: apigenin 6, 8-di-C-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-Oglucopyranoside, luteolin 3'-O-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin, apigenin, luteolin, baicalein and\udp-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic and caffeic acids. Major lipophilic constituents of petroleum ether\udleaves extracts are ricinoleic acid (51.12%) and phytol (10.64%), while those of fruits are\udlinolelaidic acid (33.61%) and n-octadecanol (9.04%). Aqueous methanol and petroleum ether\udextracts of leaves and fruits exhibited antioxidant activity at IC50 (60.25 and 51.70 μg/mL) and\ud(6.3 and 21.0 μg/mL), respectively. The extracts hepatotoxicity is at IC50 > 1 000 μg/ml. Leaves\udand fruits petroleum ether extracts exhibited prominent heptoprotective activity > 12.5 and 15\udμg/mL, respectively.\udConclusions: The palm may be a new potential source as a natural hepatoprotective to be\udapplied in pharmaceutical industries