Open AccessLarvicidal activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles synthesized using Morinda citrifolia root extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus and its other effect on non-target fish
Author(s) -
Thodhal Yoganandham Suman,
S.R. Radhika Rajasree,
D. Elumalai,
Patheri Kuny Kaleena,
Rajendiran Ramkumar,
Pachiappan Perumal,
L. Aranganathan,
P. Chitrarasu
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
asian pacific journal of tropical disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.208
H-Index - 33
ISSN - 2222-1808
DOI - 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60658-7
Subject(s) - anopheles stephensi , aedes aegypti , morinda , culex quinquefasciatus , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , aqueous solution , biology , traditional medicine , botany , larva , organic chemistry , medicine , physics , quantum mechanics
Objective: To assess the larvicidal activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2NPS)\udsynthesized from the root aqueous extract of Morinda citrifolia (M. citrifolia) against the larvae of\udAnopheles stephensi (An. stephensi), Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx.\udquinquefasciatus).\udMethods: The M. citrifolia broth solution was prepared by taking 8 g of the powdered root of M.\udcitrifolia in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask along with 100 mL of distilled water and boiled for 5 min. About\ud20 mL of M. citrifolia root extract was added into the 80 mL of an aqueous solution of 5 mmol/L\udTiO(OH)2 for the reduction under continuous stirring for 4 h at 50 °C. Synthesized TiO2NPS were\udcharacterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission\udscanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction\udconfirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles. Toxicity studies were carried out against\udnon-target fish species Poecilia reticulata, the most common organism in the habitats of An.\udstephensi, Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.\udResults: The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for TiO2NPS synthesized by M. citrifolia\udroot extract showed band at 3 426 cm-1, 1 637 cm-1 and 714 cm-1. The 3 426 cm-1 showed O-H\udstretching due to alcoholic group; 1 637 cm-1 showed N-H bend due to alcoholic group. In\udparticular, the 1 637 cm-1 indicated the presence of H bend bond for 1° for proteins. A peak was\udobserved around 714 cm-1 due to Ti-O-O bond. Field emission scanning electron microscopy\udand transmission electron microscopy showed the spherical nature of the nanoparticles with a\udsize of 20.46-39.20 nm. The biosynthesized TiO2NPS showed maximum activity against the larvae of\udAn. stephensi, Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus when compared to the aqueous extract of M.\udcitrifolia. Toxicity studies revealed no toxicity towards Poecilia reticulata at LC50 and LC90 doses of\udTiO\ud2NPS.\udConclusions: TiO\ud2NPS could be used along with Poecilia reticulata in integrated vector control