Open AccessFemale Epispadias: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Author(s) -
Atilgan Dogan,
Uluocak Nihat,
Erdemir Fikret,
Parlaktas Bekir S.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the kaohsiung journal of medical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.439
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 2410-8650
pISSN - 1607-551X
DOI - 10.1016/s1607-551x(09)70565-0
Subject(s) - epispadias , labia minora , medicine , clitoris , voiding cystourethrogram , hymen , labia , labia majora , urethra , vagina , urinary incontinence , balanitis , surgery , vesicoureteral reflux , vulva , reflux , disease
Isolated female epispadias without exstrophy is an extremely rare syndrome. The symptoms of female epispadias are primary urinary incontinence and abnormal anatomical features. A 12‐year‐old girl presented with primary urinary incontinence. On physical examination, bifid clitoris and labia minora were seen. The vagina and hymen were normal. Voiding cystourethrogram showed no reflux. With the diagnosis of isolated female epispadias, one‐stage reconstruction of the urethra, bladder neck and labia minora and clitoris was performed.