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Effect of areca nut on rabbit oral mucosa: evidence of oral precancerous condition by protein expression and genotoxic analysis
Author(s) -
Das Tapasi,
Mahato Basudev,
Chaudhuri Keya
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
oral science international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.256
H-Index - 13
eISSN - 1881-4204
pISSN - 1348-8643
DOI - 10.1016/s1348-8643(17)30021-6
Subject(s) - areca , oral submucous fibrosis , nut , lamina propria , oral mucosa , pathology , buccal mucosa , medicine , biology , epithelium , dentistry , oral cavity , structural engineering , engineering
Background : In humans, areca nut induces oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a potentially malignant disorder, characterised by the deposition of collagen in the lamina propria. This study aimed to determine whether OSMF‐like characteristics develop in a rabbit model following treatment with areca nut and lime. Results : The oral epithelial tissue upon treatment with areca nut extract at 6‐day intervals for up to 6 months showed progressive changes in thickness from 3 months onwards, leading to blanching, ulceration, irregular growth and, finally, restricted mouth opening. The protein expression pattern of OSMF‐like tissues of rabbit buccal mucosa was determined by 2‐DE gel and MALDI‐TOF and compared with normal buccal mucosa of the control group of rabbits. Three major proteins, namely tropomyosin beta chain (in the skeletal muscle), actin and collagen alpha‐1(I) chain, have been identified in areca nut‐treated rabbit tissues as compared to control. The genotoxic effect of areca nut was evaluated in the rabbit model by comet assay in the blood. A significant (p < 0.0001) DNA damage in areca nut‐treated rabbits was observed as compared to the control group. Conclusion : Histological characteristics, comet assay and protein profile show the development of OSMF‐like features in the mucosal tissue of rabbit followed by areca nut treatment. The increased expression of collagen alpha‐1(I) chain in areca nut‐treated rabbit correlated with the progressive development of the OSMF symptoms in the rabbit buccal mucosa, which might serve as a potential biological marker in the pathological development of OSMF.