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The role of osteoclast differentiation in aseptic loosening
Author(s) -
Greenfields Edward M.,
Bi Yamming,
Ragab Ashraf A.,
Goldberg Victor M.,
Van De Motter R. Renee
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of orthopaedic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.041
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1554-527X
pISSN - 0736-0266
DOI - 10.1016/s0736-0266(01)00070-5
Subject(s) - osteoclast , multinucleate , bone resorption , osteolysis , phagocytosis , resorption , osteoimmunology , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , activator (genetics) , medicine , biology , rankl , dentistry , in vitro , biochemistry , receptor
The major cause of orthopaedic implant loosening is thought to be accelerated osteoclastic bone resorption due to the action of cytokines produced in response to phagocytosis of implant‐derived wear particles. This accelerated osteoclastic bone resorption could be due to increases in any of the following processes: recruitment of osteoclast precursors to the local microenvironment, differentiation of precursors into mature multinucleated osteoclasts, activation of mature osteoclasts, and/or survival of osteoclasts. Our studies have focused on differentiation and survival to complement work by others who have focused on recruitment of precursors and activation. Taken together, our studies and those of other investigators provide strong evidence that increased recruitment of osteoclast precursors and their subsequent differentiation play major roles in wear particle‐induced osteolysis. In contrast, increased osteoclast activation and survival appear to play minor roles. These studies suggest that development of therapeutic interventions that reduce either recruitment or differentiation of osteoclast precursors would improve the performance of orthopaedic implants. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.