Características microbiológicas y resistencia antimicrobiana de aislamientos de urocultivos de niños en el Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fé de Bogotá

BackgroundUrinary tract infection is common in pediatrics. Its initial treatment is based on the administration of an antibiotic; thus, it is necessary to have information about the most common microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns.ObjectivesTo determine the frequency of microorganisms reported in urine cultures in patients under the age of 15 years with diagnosis of urinary tract infection at Hospital Universitario Fundación Santafé in Bogotá.MethodsPeriod prevalence study based on the computerized register of the clinical microbiology laboratory (WHONET 5.4). All positive urine cultures (more than 105 CFU) in children under age 16 in the period January 2006 to December 2007 were evaluated.ResultsThere were 421 positive urine cultures in the study period. The most common germs were Escherichia coli (62%), Proteus mirabilis (17%), and Enterococcus faecalis (6%). Fifty per cent, 41% and 17% of the E. coli were resistant to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin-sulbactam, respectively. Resistance to first, second and third generation cephalosporin was very low in this sample of urine cultures. Proteus mirabilis had high resistance (96%) to nitrofurantoin only, while its resistance to other antibiotics was of less than 8%. Enterococcus faecallis resistance to clindamycin was 76%, and it was 100% sensitive to ampicillin, nitrofurantoin, linezolid and vancomycin.ConclusionsOur results support the use of first generation cephalosporins as the antibiotic of choice for the initial management of urinary tract infection. It is necessary to conduct epidemiological surveillance studies to establish the factors influencing microbial variation in these infections