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The effects of long‐term hormone‐replacement therapy on coagulation, fibrinolysis and inhibitors in postmenopausal women
Author(s) -
Koh S.C.L,
Dramusic V,
Shan Ratnam S
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1016/s0020-7292(98)00096-4
Subject(s) - fibrinolysis , antithrombin , hormone replacement therapy (female to male) , medicine , hemostasis , plasminogen activator , tissue plasminogen activator , endocrinology , coagulation , d dimer , heparin , testosterone (patch)
Objective: To study the long‐term effects of hormone‐replacement therapy (HRT). Methods: Twenty‐one menopausal Chinese women who were currently on HRT were studied for the long‐term effects of HRT on hemostasis. Another 21 age‐matched healthy women not on HRT served as controls. Results: Enhanced thrombin generation was seen in women on long‐term HRT. Antithrombin III (ATIII) antigen was significantly reduced but not its activity level and so was FVII. Elevated t‐PA activity and u‐PA antigen were seen with reduced t‐PA antigen. Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) levels were significantly reduced together with d ‐dimer in HRT. Conclusions: Long‐term HRT was associated with enhanced thrombin generation and countered by enhanced systemic t‐PA activity suggesting an equilibrium state. There was no enhanced cardiovascular risk in long‐term HRT as indicated by the observed reduction in t‐PA antigen, PAI‐1 and FVII levels. However, a larger prospective study is required to confirm these findings.