Premium
Release of adenylate kinase 2 from the mitochondrial intermembrane space during apoptosis
Author(s) -
Köhler Camilla,
Gahm Annie,
Noma Takafumi,
Nakazawa Atsushi,
Orrenius Sten,
Zhivotovsky Boris
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00251-3
Subject(s) - mitochondrial intermembrane space , intermembrane space , cytosol , mitochondrial matrix , adenylate kinase , cytochrome c , mitochondrion , apoptosis , cytoplasm , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , mitochondrial apoptosis induced channel , isozyme , biochemistry , apoptosis inducing factor , programmed cell death , enzyme , caspase , bacterial outer membrane , escherichia coli , gene
The release of two mitochondrial proteins, cytochrome c and apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF), into the soluble cytoplasm of cells undergoing apoptosis is well established. Using spectrophotometric determination of enzyme activity, the accumulation of adenylate kinase (AK) activity in the cytosolic fraction of apoptotic cells has also been observed recently. However, three isozymes, AK1, AK2 and AK3, have been characterized in mammalian cells and shown to be localized in the cytosol, mitochondrial intermembrane space and mitochondrial matrix, respectively, and it is unknown which one of these isozymes accumulates in the cytosol during apoptosis. We now demonstrate that in apoptotic cells only AK2 was translocated into the cytosol concomitantly with cytochrome c . The amount of AK1 in cytosol, as well as the amount of matrix‐associated AK3, remained unchanged during the apoptotic process. Thus, our data suggest that only intermembrane proteins are released from mitochondria during the early phase of the apoptotic process.