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The latrophilin family: multiply spliced G protein‐coupled receptors with differential tissue distribution
Author(s) -
Matsushita Hiroaki,
Lelianova Vera G.,
Ushkaryov Yuri A.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00005-8
Subject(s) - receptor , alternative splicing , g protein coupled receptor , cytoplasm , microbiology and biotechnology , transmembrane protein , biology , transmembrane domain , chemistry , biochemistry , gene isoform , gene
Latrophilin is a brain‐specific Ca 2+ ‐independent receptor of α‐latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin. We now report the finding of two novel latrophilin homologues. All three latrophilins are unusual G protein‐coupled receptors. They exhibit strong similarities within their lectin, olfactomedin and transmembrane domains but possess variable C‐termini. Latrophilins have up to seven sites of alternative splicing; some splice variants contain an altered third cytoplasmic loop or a truncated cytoplasmic tail. Only latrophilin‐1 binds α‐latrotoxin; it is abundant in brain and is present in endocrine cells. Latrophilin‐3 is also brain‐specific, whereas latrophilin‐2 is ubiquitous. Together, latrophilins form a novel family of heterogeneous G protein‐coupled receptors with distinct tissue distribution and functions.