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An upstream negative regulatory element in human granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor promoter is recognised by AP1 family members
Author(s) -
Gramigni Claudia,
Penco Silvana,
Bianchi-Scarrà Giovanna,
Ravazzolo Roberto,
Garrè Cecilia
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)01443-4
Subject(s) - ap 1 transcription factor , transcription factor , haematopoiesis , granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , promoter , cytokine , gene , genetics , gene expression , stem cell
Granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) is a cytokine involved in haematopoiesis and host defence. Production of GM‐CSF has been detected in tumour cells including the U87MG astrocytoma cell line. Previous studies have been focused on the regulatory role of the proximal region of the GM‐CSF promoter. Our studies on the distal region of the promoter in U87MG cells identify a negative cis element (−1377/−1298) which contains a AP1‐like site able to bind c‐ jun and c‐ fos transcription factors, according to the results of DNA/protein binding assays. Mutagenesis of the AP1‐like site eliminates AP1 binding and the negative effect on promoter activity.