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Mutational analysis of the cysteines in the extracellular domain of the human Ca 2+ receptor: effects on cell surface expression, dimerization and signal transduction
Author(s) -
Fan Gao-Feng,
Ray Kausik,
Zhao Xin-mei,
Goldsmith Paul K,
Spiegel Allen M
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)01165-x
Subject(s) - extracellular , cysteine , mutant , mutation , hek 293 cells , receptor , chemistry , amino acid , biochemistry , signal transduction , conserved sequence , microbiology and biotechnology , peptide sequence , biology , gene , enzyme
Mammalian calcium receptors (CaRs) share with the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) the relative positions of 16 cysteine residues in the amino‐terminal extracellular domain. To investigate the role of these cysteines, a series of mutants in the extracellular domain of the human CaR was prepared in which each of these 16 cysteine residues and three others not conserved in the mGluRs were replaced by serines. Wild‐type and mutant CaR cDNAs were expressed in HEK‐293 cells, and evaluated for expression and response to extracellular calcium. Mutation of three non‐conserved cysteines and of two conserved cysteines produced proteins with near wild‐type phenotype. In contrast, mutation of the other conserved cysteines gave proteins that showed drastic reduction in cell surface expression and/or failed to respond to calcium. We identified 14 cysteines essential for proper trafficking and function of the receptor, two of which may be involved in formation of a disulfide‐linked dimer.