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Activation mechanism of c‐Jun amino‐terminal kinase in the course of endodermal differentiation of P19 embryonic carcinoma cells
Author(s) -
Kudo Tada-aki,
Sakamoto Yoshiyuki,
Tamura Shinri,
Kobayashi Takayasu
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)00179-0
Subject(s) - p19 cell , microbiology and biotechnology , embryonic stem cell , kinase , cytoplasm , nucleus , cellular differentiation , chemistry , protein kinase a , biology , biochemistry , adult stem cell , gene
c‐Jun amino‐terminal kinase (JNK) is known to be activated and play critical roles during neural and endodermal differentiation of P19 embryonic carcinoma cells. In this study we demonstrated that of the two upstream protein kinases of JNK, only MKK4 activity was substantially enhanced in the endodermally differentiating P19 cells. This enhanced activity of MKK4 stemmed from the increased expression of MKK4 and its activation by phosphorylation. Activated MKK4 and JNK were localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm of the differentiating cells, while they were localized only in the nucleus in the undifferentiated cells, suggesting multiple roles of JNK in the course of the endodermal differentiation of P19 cells.