Open AccessIn vitro degradation of β‐amyloid fibrils by microbial keratinase
Author(s) -
Ningthoujam Debananda S.,
Mukherjee Saikat,
Devi Laishram Jaya,
Singh Elangbam Shanta,
Tamreihao Keishing,
Khunjamayum Rakhi,
Banerjee Sumita,
Mukhopadhyay Debashis
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia: translational research and clinical interventions
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.49
H-Index - 30
ISSN - 2352-8737
DOI - 10.1016/j.trci.2019.03.003
Subject(s) - fibril , chemistry , lysozyme , amyloid (mycology) , protease , in vitro , biochemistry , protein aggregation , biophysics , enzyme , biology , inorganic chemistry
Amyloid fibrils are misfolded, protease‐resistant forms of normal proteins. They are infectious such as prions or noninfectious such as β‐amyloid (Aβ) fibrils causing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Prions and amyloids are structurally similar, possessing cross β‐pleated sheet‐like structures. As microbial keratinase could degrade prions, we tested keratinase activity on Aβ fibrils. Methods Lysozyme treated with urea generates Aβ fibrils demonstrated by immunoblotting with anti‐Aβ antibody, high‐performance liquid chromatography, and Congo red absorption spectroscopy. Two keratinases, Ker1 and Ker2, were purified from an actinomycete Amycolatopsis sp. MBRL 40 and incubated with Aβ fibrils. Results Soluble Ker1 and Ker1 reconstituted on neutral/cationic liposomes degraded Aβ fibrils efficiently. Ker 2 was less potent. Discussion Drugs that target AD inhibit acetylcholinesterase or formation of Aβ fibrils and downstream effects. These drugs have side effects and do not benefit globally in cognition. Keratinases are novel molecules for drug development against AD.