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Can economic liberalization and improved governance alter the defense–growth trade‐off?
Author(s) -
Looney Robert,
McNab Robert M.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
review of financial economics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.347
H-Index - 41
eISSN - 1873-5924
pISSN - 1058-3300
DOI - 10.1016/j.rfe.2007.02.008
Subject(s) - scrutiny , corporate governance , liberalization , developing country , free trade , economics , business , economic liberalization , international trade , international economics , economic policy , development economics , economic growth , finance , market economy , political science , law
Because of the presumed guns vs. butter trade‐off, defense expenditures in developing countries are coming under increased scrutiny from the international lending agencies as well as key donors. As a result, defense expenditure cuts have often taken place despite rising security concerns. Empirically we find that developing countries may have more options than previously believed in their quest for adequate security and sustained economic growth. Specifically the main finding of the study is that key combinations of reforms and governance measures are likely to exist and are capable of neutralizing many of the adverse economic effects often associated with defense expenditures. The key is to coordinate economic liberalization and governance reforms in the civilian sector with the requirements for improved security in the defense sector.