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Use of Electroencephalography Brain‐Computer Interface Systems as a Rehabilitative Approach for Upper Limb Function After a Stroke: A Systematic Review
Author(s) -
MongePereira Esther,
IbañezPereda Jaime,
AlguacilDiego Isabel M.,
Serrano Jose I.,
SpottornoRubio María P.,
MolinaRueda Francisco
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
pmandr
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.617
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1934-1563
pISSN - 1934-1482
DOI - 10.1016/j.pmrj.2017.04.016
Subject(s) - neurorehabilitation , physical medicine and rehabilitation , electroencephalography , medicine , psychological intervention , rehabilitation , brain–computer interface , stroke (engine) , intervention (counseling) , physical therapy , psychiatry , mechanical engineering , engineering
Abstract Background Brain‐computer interface (BCI) systems have been suggested as a promising tool for neurorehabilitation. However, to date, there is a lack of homogeneous findings. Furthermore, no systematic reviews have analyzed the degree of validation of these interventions for upper limb (UL) motor rehabilitation poststroke. Objectives The study aims were to compile all available studies that assess an UL intervention based on an electroencephalography (EEG) BCI system in stroke; to analyze the methodological quality of the studies retrieved; and to determine the effects of these interventions on the improvement of motor abilities. Type This was a systematic review. Literature Survey Searches were conducted in PubMed, PEDro, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial from inception to September 30, 2015. Methodology This systematic review compiles all available studies that assess UL intervention based on an EEG‐BCI system in patients with stroke, analyzing their methodological quality using the Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies, and determining the grade of recommendation of these interventions for improving motor abilities as established by the Oxford Centre for Evidence‐based Medicine. The articles were selected according to the following criteria: studies evaluating an EEG‐based BCI intervention; studies including patients with a stroke and hemiplegia, regardless of lesion origin or temporal evolution; interventions using an EEG‐based BCI to restore functional abilities of the affected UL, regardless of the interface used or its combination with other therapies; and studies using validated tools to evaluate motor function. Synthesis After the literature search, 13 articles were included in this review: 4 studies were randomized controlled trials; 1 study was a controlled study; 4 studies were case series studies; and 4 studies were case reports. The methodological quality of the included papers ranged from 6 to 15, and the level of evidence varied from 1b to 5. The articles included in this review involved a total of 141 stroke patients. Conclusions This systematic review suggests that BCI interventions may be a promising rehabilitation approach in subjects with stroke. Level of Evidence II