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Principles of Exercise Physiology: Responses to Acute Exercise and Long‐term Adaptations to Training
Author(s) -
RiveraBrown Anita M.,
Frontera Walter R.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
pmandr
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.617
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1934-1563
pISSN - 1934-1482
DOI - 10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.10.007
Subject(s) - cardiorespiratory fitness , medicine , endurance training , physical therapy , physical medicine and rehabilitation , skeletal muscle , physical exercise , vo2 max , exercise physiology , strength training , blood pressure , heart rate
Physical activity and fitness are associated with a lower prevalence of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure, and diabetes. This review discusses the body's response to an acute bout of exercise and long‐term physiological adaptations to exercise training with an emphasis on endurance exercise. An overview is provided of skeletal muscle actions, muscle fiber types, and the major metabolic pathways involved in energy production. The importance of adequate fluid intake during exercise sessions to prevent impairments induced by dehydration on endurance exercise, muscular power, and strength is discussed. Physiological adaptations that result from regular exercise training such as increases in cardiorespiratory capacity and strength are mentioned. The review emphasizes the cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations that lead to improvements in maximal oxygen capacity.