Open AccessPrediction of spontaneous miscarriage risk by the use of first trimester ultrasound measurements and maternal serum progesterone level at the 7th week of pregnancy
Author(s) -
Sherif Fathi El-Mekkawi,
Hazem F El-Shahawy,
Osama Mohamed Alyamni
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
middle east fertility society journal/middle east fertility society journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.322
H-Index - 18
eISSN - 2090-3251
pISSN - 1110-5690
DOI - 10.1016/j.mefs.2014.04.006
Subject(s) - medicine , miscarriage , obstetrics , gestation , gynecology , pregnancy , gestational sac , crown rump length , gestational age , prospective cohort study , first trimester , surgery , genetics , biology
Study objective: To evaluate the accuracy of using first trimester ultrasound markers such as mean gestational sac diameter (MGSD), crown-rump length (CRL), MGSD:CRL ratio and fetal heart rate (FHR), plus progesterone level at the 7th week of pregnancy to predict spontaneous miscarriage risk.Design: A prospective diagnostic accuracy study.Setting: Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital.Materials and methods: Included women were recruited from those attending antenatal outpatient clinics during the 7th week of gestation. Transvaginal sonography was performed for all women for confirmation of the gestational age and measurements of MGSD, CRL and FHR. Blood samples were collected at the same time for the measurement of serum progesterone level. All pregnancies were followed up till the completion of the 20th week of pregnancy.Main outcome measure: Spontaneous miscarriage occurring before or at the 20th week of gestation.Results: A total of 200 women were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 23), women who miscarried (miscarriage group) and group 2 (n = 177) included women who continued after the 20th week of pregnancy (control group). Women in group 1 had significant lower MGSD, MGSD–CRL ratio, and FHR compared to those of group 2. While, there were no significant differences between both groups regarding CRL and progesterone level. The best cut off point for MGSD is 14 mm with a sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 74%, respectively. The best cut off point for CRL is 5.5 mm with a sensitivity of 58% and specificity of 60%. The best cut off point for MSD–CRL ratio is 9 with sensitivity and specificity of 97% and 73%, respectively. The best cut off point for FHR is 111 beat/min with a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 91%, respectively. For progesterone, the best cut off point is 27 ng/ml with a sensitivity and specificity of 63% and 56%, respectively.Major conclusions: To predict spontaneous miscarriage risk at the 7th week of pregnancy, MGSD, MGSD–CRL ratio and FHR, were considered highly valid markers and better positive than negative with higher sensitivity compared to progesterone and CRL