Open AccessHypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and endothelin‐1 expression correlates with angiogenesis in congenital heart disease
Author(s) -
Yin HsinLing,
Luo ChiWen,
Dai ZenKong,
Shaw KaiPing,
Chai CheeYin,
Wu ChunChieh
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the kaohsiung journal of medical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.439
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 2410-8650
pISSN - 1607-551X
DOI - 10.1016/j.kjms.2016.05.011
Subject(s) - medicine , autopsy , angiogenesis , hypoxia (environmental) , vascular endothelial growth factor , heart disease , nitric oxide synthase , endothelin 1 , hypoxia inducible factors , pathology , cardiology , nitric oxide , vegf receptors , gene , biology , organic chemistry , oxygen , biochemistry , chemistry , receptor
In Taiwan, the average prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) is 13.08/1000 live births. Most children with CHD die before the age of 5 years; therefore, identifying treatment methods to extend the life of CHD patients is an important issue in clinical practice. The objective of this study is to evaluate the roles of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endothelin‐1 (ET‐1), and CD34 in CHD autopsy cases in comparison with autopsy cases without CHD. The study included 19 autopsy cases, which were divided into the following four groups: acyanotic CHD ( n = 11), cyanotic CHD ( n = 3), CHD associated with chromosomal abnormalities ( n = 3), and complex CHD ( n = 2). Heart specimens obtained from 10 autopsy cases without CHD were included as controls. Our results indicated that high percentages of HIF‐1α (100%), VEGF (89.5%), iNOS (78.9%), and ET‐1 (84.2%) expressions were observed in CHD autopsy cases and this was found to be significant. HIF‐1α induced by hypoxia could play a potential role in relating downstream gene expressions in CHD patients. Upregulation of VEGF by HIF‐1α could play an important role in triggering angiogenesis to protect myocardial cell survival in a hypoxic microenvironment. Therefore, HIF‐1α could be a significant prognosis marker in CHD and be a prospective candidate in the development of target therapy in cardiovascular diseases.