Open AccessPossible mechanism of phthalates‐induced tumorigenesis
Author(s) -
Wang YuChih,
Chen HungSheng,
Long ChengYu,
Tsai ChengFang,
Hsieh TsungHua,
Hsu ChiaYi,
Tsai EingMei
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the kaohsiung journal of medical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.439
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 2410-8650
pISSN - 1607-551X
DOI - 10.1016/j.kjms.2012.05.006
Subject(s) - phthalate , carcinogenesis , carcinogen , medicine , aryl hydrocarbon receptor , mechanism (biology) , human health , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor , peroxisome , cancer research , toxicology , receptor , environmental health , cancer , biology , transcription factor , biochemistry , chemistry , philosophy , organic chemistry , epistemology , gene
Abstract Phthalates—substances used in the manufacture of plastics—are considered as possible human carcinogens and tumor‐promoting agents. The worldwide annual production of plastics surpassed 300 million tons in 2010. Plastics are an indispensable material in modern society, and many products manufactured from plastics are a boon to public health; however, plastics also pose health risks. Animal studies have indicated that phthalates are carcinogenic, but human epidemiological data confirming this carcinogenicity in humans are limited. The activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα), which has been observed in rodent carcinogenesis, has not been observed in humans. Here, we review the hypothesis that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its downstream signaling cascade promote phthalate‐induced tumorigenesis.