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P2‐438: CHANGES IN COGNITION, CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND BRAIN NEUROCHEMICALS BEFORE AND AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION
Author(s) -
Gupta Aditi,
Lee Phil,
Choi In-Young,
Sarnak Mark,
Lepping Rebecca,
Brooks William,
Burns Jeffrey M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.2845
Subject(s) - neurochemical , cerebral blood flow , transplantation , medicine , creatine , neuropsychology , choline , verbal fluency test , cardiology , neurocognitive , cognition , psychology , neuroscience , psychiatry
Background: The dentate gyrus (DG) is an important component of the hippocampal chain and takes part in episodic and spatial memory. In various pathological conditions, including stress, the activation of ongoingNO-synthase (iNOS) is themain source of increased NO production in the brain. Methods: 24-month-old rats were subjected to seven days combined stress in a special chamber (6 isolated compartments of equal volume) with removable multimodal stressors. We evaluated the neuropsychiatric state of animals and expression of iNOS in the DG. Results: The combined stress effect reduced motor and orienting-exploratory activity in 24-monthold animals. A cognitive deficit was observed, manifested in the deterioration of the formation and preservation of the memorable trace after stress exposure. In rats of the control group (n 1⁄4 10), a weak cytoplasmic expression of iNOS-immunreactive material (IRM) (1 point) was determined in neurons perikarya of the granular layer and in the neuropil in the DG. A moderately pronounced cytoplasmic expression of iNOS-IRM (2 points) in the nerve cells of the subgranular layer and a weak expression of iNOS-IRM in neuropil was noted (1 point). In stressed rats (n1⁄4 10), weak expression of iNOS-IRM (1 point) was detected in the neurons perikarya of the granular layer, individual neurons were characterized by moderate cytoplasmic expression of iNOS-IRM in perikarya, in the neuropil poor dust-like expression (1 point). There was a moderate expression of iNOS-IRM (2 points) in the nerve cells of the subgranular layer, a moderate expression (2 points) in the neuropil, i.e. there was an increase in iNOS-IRM expression under stress. Conclusions: The cognitive impairments that we found during mild stress in 24 month old rats lead to a significant increase in dementive manifestations, possibly due to an increase in iNOS expression level in the DG, since according to one of the aging hypotheses, excessive synthesis of NOwhen iNOS is activated in the brain leads not only to the development of damage in cells, but also through the glutamate dependent NO signaling pathway can lead to degenerative changes in neurons in many parts of the brain. The study was supported by a grant VolgGMU