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P2‐370: LONGITUDINAL BRAIN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS BASED ON COEFFICIENT MATRIX OF TISSUE PROBABILITY CHANGE FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CLASSIFICATION
Author(s) -
Maikusa Norihide,
Fukami Tadanori,
Matsuda Hiroshi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.2777
Subject(s) - time point , atrophy , dementia , pattern recognition (psychology) , alzheimer's disease , artificial intelligence , white matter , mathematics , computer science , disease , medicine , magnetic resonance imaging , pathology , radiology , physics , acoustics
dynamic cerebrovascular changes implicated in aging and cognitive decline. Methods: Community-dwelling younger (n 1⁄4 15) and older (n1⁄4 10) adults performed guided breath holds and paced breathing (alternation between 5-second inhalation and 5-second exhalation, simulating hyperventilation) while undergoing pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling (pCASL) MRI. Continuous blood pressure and capnography were simultaneously collected. Dynamic cerebrovascular resistance (CVRBP) was estimated by dividing mean arterial blood pressure by pCASL-derived CBF. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVRCO2) was calculated by dividing CBF change (from baseline to either breath hold or paced breathing) by changes in etCO2. CVRBP and CVRCO2 were continuously measured throughout breath hold and paced breathing phases. Age-related relationships between these indexes were analyzed. Results: Across age groups, etCO2 and blood pressure increased with breath holding and decreased with paced breathing. Paced breathing elicited increased cerebrovascular resistance and decreased CBF, with more pronounced changes observed for younger versus older adults. Paced breathing and breath holding elicited increased cerebrovascular reactivity (i.e. increased CBF as etCO2 increased, and decreased CBF as etCO2 decreased) in younger but not older adults. Conclusions: We developed a novel method for non-invasive manipulation and assessment of cerebrovascular function. By instigating mild hypercapnia and hyperventilation during MRI, age-related changes in cerebrovascular autoregulatory capacity were detected. Changes to CVRBP and CVRCO2 in response to breath hold and paced breathing were markedly greater in younger versus older participants, suggesting that acute autoregulatory capacity may diminish with aging. Given links between cerebrovascular deterioration and cognitive decline, our method may enable detection of risk for vascular contributions to cognitive decline. Future studies will further explore links between cerebrovascular function and cognitive decline.