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Impact of Helicobacter pylori and/or Helicobacter pylori –related metabolic syndrome on incidence of all‐cause and Alzheimer‧s dementia
Author(s) -
Kountouras Jannis,
Doulberis Michael,
Polyzos Stergios A.,
Katsinelos Taxiarchis,
Vardaka Elizabeth,
Kountouras Constantinos,
Arapoglou Stergios,
Exadaktylos Aristomenis K.,
Deretzi Georgia,
Tsolaki Magda,
Boziki Marina,
Katsinelos Panagiotis
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.01.008
Subject(s) - medicine , emergency department , general hospital , incidence (geometry) , dementia , family medicine , pediatrics , disease , psychiatry , optics , physics
Beydoun et al. [1], investigated in a large national retrospective cohort study the association of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) seropositivity with an incidence of all-cause and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia and with AD dementia mortality. Data were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys III, phase 1 (1988–1991), and 1999–2000 and were linked with Medicare and National Death Index registries. Surveys followed a stratified, multistage probability cluster sampling design and included in-home basic health as well as demographic interviews followed by in-depth health examinations in a mobile examination center. With respect to pooled sample population (N 5 5927 adults), 45 years of age was set as the baseline limit, men consisted of 45.8% of participants and race composed primarily of non-Hispanic whites (80.9%) as well as non-Hispanic blacks (8.6%) andMexican Americans (3.4%). There was a follow-up to 2013 and main exposure was Hp seropositivity. As covariates were regarded, wave of survey (1988–1991 vs. 1999–2000), age, gender, raceethnicity, educational level, poverty income ratio, current smoking status, and measured body mass index. The authors concluded that Hp seropositivity is directly associated with incidence of all-cause and AD dementia and with AD mortality. This main outcome was restricted, albeit, only to men. Sex along with socioeconomic status was considered to be the main effect modifiers. It is noteworthy to emphasize that the authors performed also multiple adjustments including components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (smoking status, weight status, measured hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia–high-density lipoprotein, and dyslipidemia-triacylglycerol). The association between Hp-I and incident AD in particular was independent of MetS among men and higher socioeconomic status [1]. Future intervention studies, by using histology, should examine the impact of Hp infection (Hp-I) and its eradication on various cognitive disorders [1].