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P1‐514: POTENTIAL IMPACT OF INAPPROPRIATE MEDICATION USE ON PERFORMANCE IN TESTS OF ATTENTION AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTION
Author(s) -
Beech Brooke F.,
Davari Paran,
Martinez Ashley I.,
Barber Justin M.,
Moga Daniela C.,
Kebodeaux Clark,
Jicha Gregory A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.525
Subject(s) - medicine , dementia , population , neuropsychology , descriptive statistics , cognition , test (biology) , clinical dementia rating , trail making test , clinical psychology , gerontology , disease , cognitive impairment , psychiatry , biology , paleontology , statistics , mathematics , environmental health
nally. Here, we present the groups’ trajectories of cognitive change from baseline to first follow-up. Methods:Eighty participants aged 40-89 completed verbal phonemic fluency, forward/ backward digit span, Trails A/B, Stroop, and the Wisconsin Card-Sorting Task (WCST). Participants with ADHD (n1⁄441) were identified using a selfand spouse-report questionnaire. Those with MCI (n1⁄439) were diagnosed by an experienced neurologist. All cognitive scores were age-, educationand sexadjusted using data from 116 controls. Performance at each time point and magnitude of change over time, were compared between groups using Mann-Whitney U and t-tests, respectively. Results: First follow-up was 19.4 months following baseline, on average (SD1⁄48.8). At baseline, relative to MCI participants, those with ADHD generated fewer perseverative errors (p1⁄4.012) and intrusions (p1⁄4.019) on semantic fluency, as well as fewer intrusions on phonemic fluency (p1⁄4.022). They made fewer set-loss errors on the WCST (p1⁄4.001) and were faster at completing Trails B (p1⁄4.008). At first follow-up, ADHD participants continued to outperform their MCI counterparts in terms of semantic fluency intrusions (p1⁄4.001), and phonemic perseverations (p1⁄4.003) and intrusions (p1⁄4.013) (Figure). Performance was similar on all other tests. Rates of change did not differ significantly between groups, but trended towards larger magnitudes in the MCI group. Conclusions:Trails B, WCST and verbal fluency in particular may be cost-effective measures to distinguish ADHD from MCI. Fluency may rely relatively more on temporal-lobe than frontal-lobe functions, and may be most sensitive to the earliest stages of Alzheimer’s disease. This preliminary study is an important initial step towards characterizing the longitudinal neuropsychological profile of ADHD in relation to MCI.