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Sex‐related differences in the prevalence of cognitive impairment among overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes
Author(s) -
Espeland Mark A.,
Carmichael Owen,
Yasar Sevil,
Hugenschmidt Christina,
Hazzard William,
Hayden Kathleen M.,
Rapp Stephen R.,
Neiberg Rebecca,
Johnson Karen C.,
Hoscheidt Siobhan,
Mielke Michelle M.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.05.015
Subject(s) - medicine , overweight , odds ratio , confidence interval , dementia , type 2 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , obesity , type 2 diabetes mellitus , cross sectional study , gerontology , cognitive impairment , physical therapy , cognition , demography , psychiatry , endocrinology , disease , pathology , sociology
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity may increase risks for cognitive decline as individuals age. It is unknown whether this results in different prevalences of cognitive impairment for women and men. Methods The Action for Health in Diabetes, a randomized controlled clinical trial of a 10‐year intensive lifestyle intervention, adjudicated cases of cross‐sectional cognitive impairment (mild cognitive impairment or dementia) 10–13 years after enrollment in 3802 individuals (61% women). Results The cross‐sectional prevalences of cognitive impairment were 8.3% (women) and 14.8% (men): adjusted odds ratio 0.55, 95% confidence interval [0.43, 0.71], P < .001. Demographic, clinical, and lifestyle risk factors varied between women and men but did not account for this difference, which was limited to individuals without apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) ‐ ε4 alleles (interaction P = .034). Conclusions Among overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, traditional risk factors did not account for the lower prevalence of cognitive impairment observed in women compared with men.