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Sex‐specific association between neighborhood characteristics and dementia: The Three‐City cohort
Author(s) -
Letellier Noémie,
Gutierrez LaureAnne,
Carrière Isabelle,
Gabelle Audrey,
Dartigues JeanFrançois,
Dufouil Carole,
Helmer Catherine,
Cadot Emmanuelle,
Berr Claudine
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.015
Subject(s) - hazard ratio , dementia , confidence interval , demography , proportional hazards model , gerontology , cohort , cohort study , medicine , prospective cohort study , incidence (geometry) , psychology , disease , physics , sociology , optics
The living environment affects general health and may influence cognitive aging; however, the relationships between neighborhood characteristics and dementia are still poorly understood. Methods We used data from a French population–based prospective study (the Three‐City cohort) that included 7016 participants aged 65 years and older with a 12‐year follow‐up. We used principal components analysis of neighborhood composition indicators to construct the Three‐City deprivation score. To study its impact on dementia incidence, we performed survival analyses using a marginal Cox model to take into account intraneighborhood correlations. As interaction with sex was significant, analyses were stratified by sex. Results Even after controlling on individual factors, women living in deprived neighborhoods were at higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio = 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.67) and Alzheimer's disease (hazard ratio = 1.42, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.84). No association was found for men. Discussion Living in a deprived neighborhood is associated with higher risk of dementia in women.