[IC‐P‐006]: EARLY AMYLOID ACCUMULATION AND ITS COGNITIVE CONSEQUENCES IN HEALTHY ADULTS

Figure 2. Cognitive Consequences of Early Amyloid Accumulation in OFC. In those who were amyloid negative at baseline, increasing regional amyloid accumulation in the lateral orbitofrontal was related to lower follow-up reasoning performance, suggesting accumulation in the OFCmay have negative consequences for reasoning even at this early stageof disease progression. Background:The recent failures of anti-amyloid clinical trials has led to a shift towards trials aimed at earlier intervention, underscoring the need for information about the earliest stages of amyloid accumulation and its impact on cognition. Autopsy and amyloid PET imaging data have converged to suggest that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) may be one of the earliest sites of amyloid accumulation, whereas posteromedial regions exhibit accumulation later and are potentially more closely linked to dementia onset. In the present study, we examined whether the OFC and penumbral regions may provide a window into the earliest stages of amyloid accumulation by measuring change in amyloid over 4 years, particularly in middle-aged adults and those who were initially amyloidnegative. Additionally, we assessed whether this early accumulation was associated with subtle cognitive deficits. In comparison, we also examined whether posteromedial amyloid accumulation appears later and is associated with AD-related cognitive deficits. Methods:83 participants (age 30-89) were included from the Dallas Lifespan Brain Study who completed florbetapir PET and a cognitive battery at baseline and 4-year follow-up. Regional amyloid accumulation was measured (Time 2-Time 1 SUVR) in the following Freesurfer-derived ROIs: OFC ROIs (medial OFC, lateral OFC, pars orbitalis); Posteromedial ROIs (precuneus, posterior cingulate, isthmus cingulate). Results: Consistent with the lateral OFC and pars orbitalis as early sites of amyloid accumulation, accumulation was detected in both middle-aged adults and adults who were amyloid negative at baseline (Figure 1a). The rate of accumulation in lateral OFC and pars orbitalis was associated with deficits in follow-up reasoning performance (but not episodic memory or processing speed), even after restricting to those whowere amyloid negative at baseline (Figure 2). In comparison, high precuneus amyloid accumulation was predominately restricted to older, amyloid positive adults (Figure 1b) and was associated with AD-typical deficits in episodic memory. Conclusions:These findings support the use of the OFC and penum-