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[P3–456]: PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNATURES OF MUSICAL MEMORY IN FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA
Author(s) -
Benhamou Elia,
Sivasathiaseelan Harri,
Marshall Charles R.,
Bond Rebecca L.,
Russell Lucy L.,
Hardy Chris,
Rohrer Jonathan D.,
Warren Jason D.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.1674
Subject(s) - melody , psychology , frontotemporal dementia , aphasia , cognitive psychology , semantic dementia , dementia , neuropsychology , semantic memory , cognition , audiology , developmental psychology , musical , neuroscience , medicine , art , disease , pathology , visual arts
Background:Music is a useful probe of information processing mechanisms in major dementias. To date, however, most work in patients with dementia has addressed music recognition using neuropsychological tests. Here, we employed a novel paradigm combining a behavioural task with pupillometry, in order to assess autonomic correlates of musical semantic memory and musical deviance processing in patients representing syndromes of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Methods:We studied patients with semantic dementia and progressive nonfluent aphasia in relation to healthy older individuals. We designed a novel musical battery to assess detection of notes with key-preserving deviant pitch in familiar melodies (derived from a local database for healthy older British individuals). Performance on this task (which depends on musical semantic knowledge) was compared with detection of timbral deviants (a behavioural measure of acoustic change processing) and elementary pitch interval processing. We also presented a control set of familiar and unfamiliar melodies without embedded deviants. Pupillometry was obtained during presentation of all melodies, in order to assess autonomic responses to musical deviance and to musical familiarity per se. Results: Relative to healthy controls, patients had behavioural deficits of pitch deviant detection and more variable deficits of timbral deviant detection. Pupil responses to timbral deviance were similar in all participant groups. However, pupil responses to melodic deviance were significantly reduced in the patient groups. In addition, pupil responses to unfamiliar melodies were greater than responses to familiar melodies both in healthy individuals and in semantic dementia, whereas this differential pupillary response was significantly reduced in progressive nonfluent aphasia. Conclusions:Our findings suggest that dementia syndromes show separable profiles of physiological reactivity to musical familiarity and deviance. These profiles may reflect differential involvement of neural algorithms that match incoming musical information against stored ‘templates’ (musical predictive coding and error detection). Further work is needed to establish the validity of music as a gateway to these fundamental neural computational processes in larger cohorts of patients with dementia and with structural and functional neuroanatomical correlation. P3-457 LATE-LIFE ACCELERATED DECREASE IN REGIONAL METABOLIC ACTIVITYAND ITS IMPACT ON COGNITIVE DECLINE: A LONGITUDINAL FDG-PET STUDY Hayoung Yoon, Jaeik Kim, Sang Eun Kim, Jeanyung Chey, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of South Korea; Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of South Korea. Contact e-mail: gkdud004@snu.ac.kr