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S2‐01‐02: The Active Study: what we Have Learned and what is Next? Cognitive Training Reduces Incident Dementia Across Ten Years
Author(s) -
Edwards Jerri D.,
Xu Huiping,
Clark Daniel,
Ross Lesley A.,
Unverzagt Frederick W.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.373
Subject(s) - dementia , cognitive training , randomized controlled trial , cognition , psychology , working memory training , medicine , physical therapy , physical medicine and rehabilitation , working memory , psychiatry , disease , surgery , pathology
Methods: The Advanced Cognitive Training in Vital Elderly study (ACTIVE) was a multisite, randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of three cognitive training programs relative to a no-contact control condition among community dwelling older adults. Eligible participants (N=2,832; average age 73.6 years) completed baseline assessments of cognitive (i.e., memory, reasoning, and speed of processing) and functional abilities (i.e., self-report and performance-based measures of everyday function) and were randomized to one of four conditions: strategy-based memory or reasoning training, computerized, process-based speed of processing training, or no-contact controls. Participants in the training conditions completed up to 10 sessions of training over a 5-week period. All participants were reassessed immediately post-training, and at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 years. Participants were offered additional training sessions prior to years 1 and 3. The outcome of interest was years from the start of the ACTIVE study to the incidence of dementia. Dementia was defined using previously published criteria based upon interviewand performancedata characterizing cognitive and functional status. Intent-to-treat analysis examined whether participants randomized to reasoning, memory, or speed training had different risk of incident dementia. Given that training transfer varies by dose, we further examined dose effects of training, indicated by the number of training sessions completed.