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F5‐01‐01: Calorie restriction improves brain health in aging rhesus macaques
Author(s) -
Johnson Sterling C.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.07.423
Subject(s) - corpus callosum , white matter , atrophy , primate , internal capsule , brainstem , uncinate fasciculus , fasciculus , medicine , physiology , neuroscience , retrosplenial cortex , anatomy , biology , cortex (anatomy) , magnetic resonance imaging , fractional anisotropy , radiology
not available. S5-01-04 ALZBIOMARKER DATABASE ON ESTABLISHED AND NOVEL CSFAND PLASMA BIOMARKERS FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE Bob Olsson, Ronald Lautner, Ulf Andreasson, Annika € Ohrfelt, Erik Portelius, Maria Bjerke, Mikko H€oltt€a, Christoffer Rosen, Kelly Dakin, Elisabeth Wu, Caroline Olsson, Max Petzold, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, University of Gothenburg, M€olndal, Sweden; Alzforum, Boston, MA, USA; University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Contact e-mail: bob.olsson@neuro.gu.se Abstract not available.not available. THURSDAY, JULY 23, 2015 FEATURED RESEARCH SESSIONS F5-01 BRAIN CORRELATES OF MODIFIABLE LIFESTYLE RISK FACTORS FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: FROM ANIMAL RESEARCH TO INTERVENTION TRIALS F5-01-01 CALORIE RESTRICTION IMPROVES BRAIN HEALTH IN AGING RHESUS MACAQUES Sterling C. Johnson, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Contact e-mail: scj@medicine.wisc.edu Background:Calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition slows the aging and disease process, prolonging median and maximum lifespan in yeast, worms, fish, flies, and rodents. Studies of CR in non-human primates (Macaca mulatta) indicate a protective effect of CR against aging-related diseases and a salutary effect on brain health.Methods: Our group has studied the specific effects of CR on the non-human primate brain using neuroimaging, behavioral, and post-mortem histological techniques and this talk will provide an Podium Presentations: Thursday, July 23, 2015 P303 overview of these findings. Animals in this study were part of the longitudinal “Dietary Restriction and Aging Study” at theWisconsin National Primate Research Center (WNPRC). Animals were either fed a normal diet or maintained on a moderately restricted diet (approximately 30% reduced intake from baseline), with both groups receiving comparable diet supplements. Results: Using volumetric imaging we demonstrated that CR preserves gray matter cortex in limbic and heteromodal association areas, indicating a positive effect of CR against age-related brain atrophy. Diffusion tensor imaging showed preservation of white matter integrity in the corpus callosum and fronto-occipital fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, external capsule, and brainstem. CR also attenuated age-related iron accumulation in the basal ganglia, red nucleus, and parietal, temporal, and perirhinal cortex. Decreased iron accumulation was in turn associated with faster performance on fine motor function tests, signifying a protective effect against motor slowness that results during aging. CR moderated the effect of important plasma-based inflammatory markers (e.g. IL-6) on gray and white matter changes in several brain areas, including the parietal and temporal graymatter regions that are sensitive to aging. CR improved glucoregulatory profiles and positively influenced gray matter volume in the hippocampus. Histopathology studies reveal that CR monkeys express significantly lower (w30%) levels ofmicroglial activation in the hippocampus. Energy metabolism in the hippocampus as indexed by PGC1alpha and GSK3B was preserved in CR. Number of MTL amyloid plaques was however equivalent between groups. Conclusions: Overall, these results recapitulate the neuroprotective effects of CR from lower animal models. Taken together, these findings point to an overall beneficial effect of CR on the brain in this non-human primate model of aging. F5-01-02 IMPACT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION AND CALORIC RESTRICTION-MIMETICS ON BRAIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS AND PATIENTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE