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Influence of microglial activation on neuronal function in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease dementia
Author(s) -
Fan Zhen,
Aman Yahyah,
Ahmed Imtiaz,
Chetelat Gaël,
Landeau Brigitte,
Ray Chaudhuri K.,
Brooks David J.,
Edison Paul
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.06.016
Subject(s) - statistical parametric mapping , dementia , neuroinflammation , parkinson's disease , positron emission tomography , medicine , neuroscience , pittsburgh compound b , psychology , magnetic resonance imaging , pathology , cardiology , disease , radiology
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two common neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive neuronal dysfunction in the presence of pathological microglial activation. Methods 10 AD, 10 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 11 PD dementia (PDD), and 16 controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging, [11C](R)PK11195 (1‐[2‐chlorophenyl]‐N‐methyl‐N‐[1‐methyl‐propyl]‐3‐isoquinoline carboxamide), [11C]PIB (11C‐Pittsburgh compound B), [18F]FDG‐PET (18F‐2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxyglucose positron emission tomography) scans. Parametric images were interrogated using region of interest (ROI), biological parametric mapping (BPM) and statistical parametric mapping analysis, and neuropsychometric tests. Results Using BPM analysis, AD, MCI, and PDD subjects demonstrated significant correlation between increased microglial activation and reduced glucose metabolism (rCMRGlc). AD and MCI subjects also showed significant positive correlation between amyloid and microglial activation. Levels of cortical microglial activation were negatively correlated with Mini‐Mental State Examination in both AD and PDD. Conclusion The significant inverse correlations between cortical levels of microglial activation and rCMRGlc in AD and PDD suggest cortical neuroinflammation may drive neuronal dysfunction in these dementias.