Premium
P3‐064: Nutrigenomic biomarkers for increased risk of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
Author(s) -
Lee Sau,
Thomas Philip,
Fenech Michael
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.1283
Subject(s) - micronucleus , biomarker , micronucleus test , disease , dna damage , population , biology , cytokinesis , oncology , medicine , genome instability , physiology , bioinformatics , genetics , cell , dna , environmental health , toxicity , cell division
Background: The incidence of AD is expected to rise three-fold in the next 30 years as a result of Australia’s ageing population.Currently, 24.3 million peopleworldwide are diagnosed as having AD. Previous studies have shown that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may reflect the early stages of more pronounced neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. Previous studies investigating levels of DNA damage in lymphocytes of AD patients using cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay have shown a significant increase in micronucleus frequency, which is a validated biomarker of chromosome loss and/or breakage. However, other cytome biomarkers, such as nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds have not been investigated in relation to AD and may prove to be more sensitive and specific in identifying individuals of increased risk for MCI and AD. Although levels of DNA damage are elevated in MCI and AD, whether this is related to nutritional status is unknown. Knowledge on the impact of dietary status onMCI and AD is poorly understood, in particular the role of nutrient combinations has not been explored. The aim of the study is to (i) identify DNA damage cytome biomarkers that are specific to MCI and AD risk as a potential diagnostic tool and (ii) identify plasma micronutrient profiles that are associated with these diseases that could help identify potential preventative nutritional strategies.Methods: Lymphocytes will be utilised for the assessment of genomic instability events, cell proliferation and cell death parameters as determined by the cytokinesis block micronucleus-cytome assay. Plasma vitamin and mineral profiles will also be measured. Results: The findings from the study may potentially: (i) Determine specific and sensitive biomarkers for those who are at increased risk of MCI and AD; (ii) Identify the dietary profiles that may be associated with preventing the onset or subsequent progression of MCI and AD. Conclusions: It is important to determine the specificity of the nutritional and DNA damage profiles in MCI and AD individuals to diagnose clinical outcomes with great certainty. It may also be possible to use these micronutrients and DNA damage profiles to monitor disease progression and the bioefficacy of potential preventative measures.