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S2‐02‐05: Blood, Plasma and Serum Biomarkers of Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease
Author(s) -
Hampel Harald,
Wolfgrng Johnn
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.813
Subject(s) - medicine , disease , asymptomatic , dementia , biomarker , oncology , immunology , bioinformatics , biology , biochemistry
Background: A large number of studies have previously demonstrated the presence of a preclinical phasewith cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of this presentation is to discuss 1) similarities and differences in cognitive profiles between preclinical AD and preclinical vascular dementia (VaD), 2) possiblemechanisms underlying these cognitive deficits, and 3) practical implications and future directions.Methods: This is a brief review of findings on cognitive deficits in preclinical AD and VaD with the focus on new data from the Swedish population-based Kungsholmen Project , describing differences in cognitive trajectories between preclinical AD and VaD during a 10-year follow-up period.Results:A diagnosis of VaD is preceded by a period of cognitive impairment. The cognitive domains affected are often the same as those impaired in preclinical AD. In a new study from the Kungsholmen Project, we observed impairment for a range of cognitive tasks in preclinical AD and VaD, with different change trajectories for the two dementia types. In general, the preclinical AD persons deviated from the normal aging curve earlier (up to 10 years) compared to the preclinical VaD persons (up to 7 years) relative to time of diagnosis. However, once the preclinical VaD persons started to decline, they deteriorated at a faster rate compared to the preclinical AD persons. Conclusions: A long preclinical period with cognitive deficits precedes the diagnosis of AD and VaD. This has important implications for interventions, as this time window should be targeted for preventive measures.