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P3‐453: Consumption of hydrogen water prevents age‐dependent memory impairment accompanying neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's model mice
Author(s) -
Ohsawa Ikuroh,
Nishimaki Kiyomi,
Murakoshi Norie,
Yokota Takashi,
Ohta Shigeo
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.1897
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , neurodegeneration , chemistry , reactive oxygen species , hydrogen , morris water navigation task , endocrinology , hippocampal formation , medicine , biochemistry , disease , organic chemistry
December 2008.We used data on prescription of nearly three million inhabitants from the Drug Administrative Lombardy Region Database. Data of first prescription of one ChEI was used as the index-day to calculate the co-prescribing of an antipsychotic. Results: There were 543,000 people aged 65 years or older, 60% women; the mean age was 75.1 (+/-7.2) years. The prevalence of individuals who received at least one prescription for ChEIs rose from 0.5% in 2002 to 0.7% in 2004, reaching a plateau that was roughly stable until 2008, with no difference between sex. Figure 1 shows the co-prescribing trend of antipsychotics in patients exposed to ChEIs. While the prevalence of elderly receiving a co-prescription of atypical antipsychotics declined from 21% in 2002 to 14% in 2007 (chi-squared test for trend, p<0.0001), the prescribing prevalence of typicals showed a mild increase (chi-squared test for trend, p< 0.0001). Atypical antipsychotics were four times more prescribed than typicals. No difference in co-prescribing trend was found for sex and age. The decline in 2004 and 2006 for a typicals is probably due to the official warnings issued by the Italian Drug Agency to restrict the use of antipsychotics in elderly with dementia because the risk of serious adverse reactions. Conclusions: Although two warnings issued to discourage the use of antipsychotics and numerous publications concerning the safety of these drugs, their prescription is still high in patients taking ChEIs. Awaiting further studies for clarifying their therapeutic role, physicians should prescribe antipsychotics most cautiously and only after a careful risk-benefit evaluation.