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IC‐P‐133: Near‐infrared fluorescence probe X50 for in vivo detection of amyloid plaques in the brain
Author(s) -
Okamura Nobuyuki,
Furumoto Shozo,
Harada Ryuichi,
Arai Hiroyuki,
Yanai Kazuhiko,
Kudo Yukitsuka
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.097
Subject(s) - chemistry , in vivo , thioflavin , fluorescence , microbiology and biotechnology , pathology , alzheimer's disease , optics , biology , medicine , physics , disease
disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).However, the study ofmultiple indices of diffusion, including axial (DA), radial (DR) and mean diffusion (MD), as well as fractional anisotropy (FA), enables temporal and spatial aspects of the onset and progression of AD to be assessed inmore detail.Methods:Diffusion tensor images were obtained from 40 healthy elders, 19 non-amnesticMCI (MCIna) cases, 14 amnesticMCI (MCIa) cases and 9AD subjects. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS)was used to process the DTI data. Results: Significant differences between control and AD groups could be seen with all four indices in the temporal and parietal lobes, as well as the prefrontal cortex. There was widespread overlap between FA decreases andDR increases, indicative ofmyelin damage. FA decreases and MD increases also overlapped extensively, pinpointing damage due to gross tissue loss. Significant differences between control and MCIa could be detected with DA andMD, and were limited to the left hemisphere in areas corresponding to the uncinate fasciculus and the forcepsminor. Differences betweenMCIa and MCIna were only found with DA, and were again restricted to the frontal regions of the left hemisphere. Analysis of differences betweenADandMCIna, as well as differences between AD and MCIa, highlighted extensive microstructural changes occurring at theMCIna stage as evidenced by regions where FAwas decreased but MD remained unchanged. Gross structural changes and myelin loss were more apparent in the MCIa stage. Conclusions:Our findings indicate that the DA and MD indices may be the most sensitive at detecting early changes inMCIa.WhenAD is fullymanifest,WMdamage is widespread and the areas affected, namely the temporal and parietal lobes, and the prefrontal cortex,overlap closely with the default mode network. Analysis of MCIna versusAD, andMCIa versus AD, pinpoints additional areas which are uniquely affected as neurodegeneration progresses.