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P1‐037: The analysis of correlation between the montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and frontal assessment battery (FAB) in Parkinson's patients
Author(s) -
Chung Eun Joo
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.05.584
Subject(s) - montreal cognitive assessment , frontal lobe , executive functions , stroop effect , audiology , psychology , neuropsychology , cognition , dementia , executive dysfunction , neuropsychological test , verbal fluency test , physical medicine and rehabilitation , medicine , cognitive impairment , psychiatry , disease
believed to be particularly neurotoxic and may propagate disease by recruiting additional a-syn molecules to the aggregates. Here, we have investigated such seeding effects of protofibrils, large soluble a-syn oligomers. Our aim is to elucidate if a-syn protofibrils can seed monomeric wild type a-syn to form aggregates in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Alpha-synuclein protofibrils were generated by incubating recombinant wt a-syn with the reactive aldehydes 4oxo-2-nonenal (ONE) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), generating protofibrils of similar size but with different structural and functional properties. Next, wt monomeric a-syn (1 mg/ml) was incubated with 1% of HNE-protofibrils, ONE-protofibrils or mature amyloid-like fibrils, respectively. As control sample, no seed was added to the monomers. The samples were incubated while shaking at 37 C and measured at certain intervals using a Thioflavin T (ThT) assay. After 96 h the samples were also analyzed with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Finally, to evaluate in vivo effects ONEprotofibrils were injected into cortex layer III-IV of aged a-syn transgenic mice. Results: In the ThT assay, the seeding effect of HNEprotofibrils were found to be similar to the control sample. In contrast, the ONEprotofibrils accelerated the aggregation process even better than the fibril sample, albeit the ThT signals of the ONE-induced aggregates were generally lower compared to both HNE or fibrillar seeded aggregates. Moreover, AFM analyses showed that despite that the ThT signal differed somewhat among the seeded samples, all samples displayed similarly-sized amyloid-like fibril structures. Finally, ongoing experiments will show the observed in vitro aggregation effects also occur in vivo. Conclusions: Here, we show that ONE-induced protofibrils have the ability to seed a-syn monomers in vitro. ONEprotofibrils caused a rapid aggregation, which occurred faster than what was observed for the sample seeded with amyloid-like fibrils, whereas the seeding effect of HNEprotofibrils was neglible and similar to that of the non-seeded sample.