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Socio‐structural and behavioral risk factors associated with trafficked history of female bar/spa entertainers in the sex trade in the Philippines
Author(s) -
Urada Lianne A.,
Halterman Sonja,
Raj Anita,
Tsuyuki Kiyomi,
PimentelSimbulan Nymia,
Silverman Jay G.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.07.004
Subject(s) - medicine , demography , psychological intervention , odds ratio , confidence interval , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , agency (philosophy) , injury prevention , poison control , environmental health , family medicine , psychiatry , sociology , philosophy , epistemology , pathology
Objective To explore factors associated with trafficking (deceptive/coercive entry to sex trade) among female bar/spa entertainers who traded sex in the Philippines. Method Female bar/spa entertainers who traded sex in the past 6 months were recruited from 25 bar/spa venues in Metro Manila (April 2009–January 2010) and assessed via cross‐sectional survey data collection for HIV‐risk‐related socio‐structural factors associated with deceptive/coercive entry into the sex trade. The study employed hierarchical linear modeling. Results Of 166 bar/spa entertainers assessed, 19 (11.4%) reported being deceived/coerced (i.e. trafficked) into their first jobs. Trafficking history was independently associated with current drug use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–3.97) decreased availability of condoms at venues for entertainers (AOR 0.18; 95% CI 0.05–0.71) and, conversely, increased peer support for practicing safer sex behaviors (AOR 3.08; 95% CI 1.63–5.09). Those deceived/coerced into their positions were more likely than non‐trafficked women to have been recruited by an agency who came to their rural province (AOR 12.07; 95% CI 1.77–82.25) as opposed to getting the job from advertisement (AOR 0.10; 95% CI 0.02–0.65) or a friend/acquaintance (AOR 0.02; 95% CI 0.00–0.48). Conclusion The findings have implications for designing interventions to prevent and target trafficked women in the Philippines who may be more vulnerable to substance use and, potentially, HIV infection.