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Sheathed versus standard speculum for visualization of the cervix
Author(s) -
Hill David A.,
Cacciatore Michael L.,
Lamvu Georgine
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.10.025
Subject(s) - medicine , cervix , visual analogue scale , obstetrics and gynaecology , surgery , physical examination , prospective cohort study , outpatient clinic , randomized controlled trial , nuclear medicine , cancer , pregnancy , biology , genetics
Objective To determine whether modifying a plastic speculum with a flexible sheath would improve visualization and decrease pain during vaginal examination. Methods We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial of 136 women undergoing vaginal speculum examination at an outpatient obstetrics and gynecology faculty practice. Patients underwent examination via a standardized technique with either a medium‐sized plastic speculum (standard) or an identical speculum modified with a flexible polypropylene sheath (sheathed). Investigators recorded the percentage of the cervix visualized. After speculum insertion, patients recorded pain using a 10‐cm visual analog scale. Results There were no substantial demographic differences between the standard (n = 67) and the sheathed (n = 68) groups. Investigators were able to visualize a significantly greater percentage of the cervix using the sheathed speculum compared with the standard speculum (95.1% ± 8.2% vs 78.2% ± 18.4%; P < 0.001), representing a 21.6% improvement in visualization, and were able to visualize the entire cervix in 42 (61.8%) patients when using the sheathed speculum compared with 11 (16.4%) patients undergoing standard speculum examination ( P < 0.001). Patients undergoing examination with the sheathed speculum reported a nonsignificant decrease in pain scores (1.0 vs 1.2; P = 0.087). Conclusion A sheathed speculum significantly improves visualization of the cervix, without compromising patient comfort. ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT01670630