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Management of female infertility from hormonal causes
Author(s) -
Luciano Antony A.,
Lanzone Antonio,
Goverde Angelique J.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.09.007
Subject(s) - medicine , infertility , anovulation , endocrine system , pregnancy , fertility , intensive care medicine , female infertility , offspring , gynecology , bioinformatics , physiology , hormone , obstetrics , endocrinology , population , diabetes mellitus , polycystic ovary , insulin resistance , genetics , environmental health , biology
Hormonal causes of female infertility involve ovulatory dysfunctions that may result from dysfunction of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian axis, peripheral endocrine glands, nonendocrine organs, or metabolic disorders. It is important to think of anovulation not as a diagnosis but as a symptom of a metabolic or endocrine disorder that requires a thorough diagnostic evaluation to identify the specific cause and to implement effective therapies that assure the best possible pregnancy outcome and avoid long‐term adverse health consequences. In most instances, the medical history points to the underlying dysfunction, which can usually be confirmed with laboratory or imaging tests. For more challenging cases, more extensive evaluations may be needed, including perturbation studies. Nevertheless, the management of anovulatory infertility is gratifying because its causes are often manifest and the treatment usually results in resumption of ovulatory cycles, restoration of fertility, and healthy offspring through natural conception without requiring expensive and intrusive assisted reproductive technologies.