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Prevalence and risk factors for HIV, hepatitis B virus, and syphilis among pregnant women in Mayotte, Indian Ocean, 2008–2009
Author(s) -
Saindou Maoulide,
Bénet Thomas,
Troalen Didier,
Abaine Abdoulkarim,
Voirin Nicolas,
Giard Marine,
Vanhems Philippe
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
international journal of gynecology and obstetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.895
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1879-3479
pISSN - 0020-7292
DOI - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.05.020
Subject(s) - medicine , syphilis , rapid plasma reagin , population , hepatitis b , obstetrics , coinfection , logistic regression , immunology , demography , treponema , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , environmental health , sociology
Objective To assess the prevalence and risk factors for HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and syphilis among pregnant women living on the Indian Ocean island of Mayotte. Methods A cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 671 pregnant women at 11 prenatal clinics on Mayotte between September 15, 2008, and September 27, 2009. Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics were collected by interviewer‐administered questionnaire. Blood samples were obtained for HIV, HBV, and syphilis testing. Risk factors were analyzed by exact logistic regression. Results No prevalent case of HIV infection was detected among the study population. The prevalence of HBV surface antigen and active syphilis (defined as a positive test result by both rapid plasma reagin and Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assays) was 3.4% and 2.1%, respectively. A positive HBV surface antigen test was associated with being born in Comoros and having sex with a casual partner during the previous year. Lack of education and a history of sexually transmitted infections in the past 5 years were associated with active syphilis. Conclusion The continuing low prevalence of HIV and high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women on Mayotte confirmed the so‐called “Indian Ocean paradox.”